.dsc
、.orig.tar.gz
与 .debian.tar.xz
(或 .diff.gz
)。它们允许从编程语言撰写的程序源代码文件中,创建二进制软件包(如前所述的 .deb
文件)。
.dsc
(Debian Source Control) 文件是包括 RFC 2822 标头 (如同 control
文件于 第 5.2.1 节 “描述:control
文件”) 的简短文本档,描述原始软件包及包括的其他文件。由维护者签署,保证其真实性。详情见 第 6.6 节 “检查软件包真实性”。
例 5.1. 一个.dsc
文件
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA512 Format: 3.0 (quilt) Source: zim Binary: zim Architecture: all Version: 0.75.1-1 Maintainer: Zim Package Maintainers <zim@packages.debian.org> Uploaders: Raphaël Hertzog <hertzog@debian.org> Homepage: https://zim-wiki.org Standards-Version: 4.6.1 Vcs-Browser: https://salsa.debian.org/debian/zim Vcs-Git: https://salsa.debian.org/debian/zim.git Build-Depends: debhelper-compat (= 13), python3, python3-gi, python3-xdg, gir1.2-gtk-3.0, dh-python Package-List: zim deb x11 optional arch=all Checksums-Sha1: b4baa294ebc28b07393739875d94fab9557a2e5e 2510821 zim_0.75.1.orig.tar.gz e592c9ab8b12276283c6a7bed2246f2e9a843093 10416 zim_0.75.1-1.debian.tar.xz Checksums-Sha256: 88e175d7f7e141896f9e958989d252d722556af17bc4bc6f065e7d54287d0385 2510821 zim_0.75.1.orig.tar.gz 30847b58bb2503b707f1d5c5c356eead31e61db09e677348f07383fcdda3bcb3 10416 zim_0.75.1-1.debian.tar.xz Files: cc73838c1312b5e161d15a51ae4247c4 2510821 zim_0.75.1.orig.tar.gz ad84c5ac373071e4957490caf03f3a8b 10416 zim_0.75.1-1.debian.tar.xz -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Comment: Signed by Raphael Hertzog iQEzBAEBCgAdFiEE1823g1EQnhJ1LsbSA4gdq+vCmrkFAmO15esACgkQA4gdq+vC mrkB4AgAj2tYiDW4aQdZfJHr/GGU9rHL99+lTL1VmrXr/I6Z8ggig0JGbTH4Z3lg QNRu1PbFDJgdO1ho+c0b474iOsT4QTIUu9vHX/enwJ1MiQw8wGDNlsJIS+S33j5n 745p9Y782LTyKaaKPnilHst7pTIGNjmFRlqJr9E8K3gRjZjpTg6HE420epZ6haf1 +gk2npbsy2Psu1LsrbDUCa415COsogar6fpU3Kui3/p8ijT1ED1y9CqoNxATequp nHkwpnwmi24Y5+RV79SXKW3ECOHTHGKCRWGFtSwCFg0LcAq69cTwnyphXt0gW/+Z RtG81/jI+mMeRUGsdzdjAVlLK7K75w== =0po3 -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
Build-Depends
),和那些二进制包依赖完全不同,因为它们需要设置编译软件所需工具的选项后,再来构建二进制包。
.orig.tar.gz
文件包括原开发者提供的源代码。要求 Debian 的软件包维护者不要修改它,以便检查原来的文件与集成后的文件 (比较校验码就知道) 并且尊重其他著者的意愿。
.debian.tar.xz
contains all of the modifications made by the Debian maintainer, especially the addition of a debian
directory containing the instructions to execute to construct one or more Debian binary packages.