apt-cache permet de consulter un certain nombre d'informations stockées dans la base de données interne d'APT. Ces informations — qui constituent une sorte de cache — sont rassemblées depuis les différentes sources données dans le fichier sources.list au cours de l'opération apt update.
apt-cache command can do keyword-based package searches with apt-cache search keyword. It can also display the headers of the package's available versions with apt-cache show package. This command provides the package's description, its dependencies, the name of its maintainer, etc. Note that apt search, apt show, aptitude search, and aptitude show work in the same way.
apt-cache dumpavail displays the headers of all available versions of all packages. apt-cache pkgnames displays the list of all the packages which appear at least once in the cache.
apt-cache policy, décrite dans la section suivante.
apt-cache policy command displays the pinning priorities and distribution properties of each package source as explained in Section 6.2.5, « Gérer les priorités associées aux paquets ». It can also show the pinning priorities for all available versions and sources of a package. For the sources.list example used in Exemple 6.2, « Fichier /etc/apt/sources.list pour les utilisateurs de Debian Stable » and APT::Default-Release set to "/^bookworm(|-security|-updates)$/", the output will look like this:
$apt-cache policyPackage files: 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status release a=now 990 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates/non-free-firmware amd64 Packages release v=12-updates,o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=bookworm-updates,l=Debian,c=non-free-firmware,b=amd64 origin deb.debian.org 990 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates/main amd64 Packages release v=12-updates,o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=bookworm-updates,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64 origin deb.debian.org 990 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/non-free-firmware amd64 Packages release v=12,o=Debian,a=stable-security,n=bookworm-security,l=Debian-Security,c=non-free-firmware,b=amd64 origin security.debian.org 990 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/main amd64 Packages release v=12,o=Debian,a=stable-security,n=bookworm-security,l=Debian-Security,c=main,b=amd64 origin security.debian.org 990 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/non-free-firmware amd64 Packages release v=12.5,o=Debian,a=stable,n=bookworm,l=Debian,c=non-free-firmware,b=amd64 origin deb.debian.org 990 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 Packages release v=12.5,o=Debian,a=stable,n=bookworm,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64 origin deb.debian.org Pinned packages:
apt-cache policy peut également afficher les priorités d'épinglage pour toutes les versions et sources disponibles d'un paquet donné.
$apt-cache policy adbadb: Installed: 1:29.0.6-28 Candidate: 1:29.0.6-28 Version table: 1:33.0.3-2~bpo12+1 100 100 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports/main amd64 Packages *** 1:29.0.6-28 990 990 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 Packages 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
bookworm-backports repository, APT will not install it automatically based on the priority. One would have to use apt install adb/bookworm-backports or add a higher pinning priority to /etc/apt/preferences.d/adb.pref:
Package: adb Pin: release o=Debian Backports,n=bookworm-backports Pin-Priority: 1001
$apt-cache policy limnoriaadb: Installed: 1:29.0.6-28 Candidate: 1:33.0.3-2~bpo12+1 Version table: 1:33.0.3-2~bpo12+1 1001 100 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports/main amd64 Packages *** 1:29.0.6-28 990 990 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 Packages 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status