apt-cache
permet de consulter un certain nombre d'informations stockées dans la base de données interne d'APT. Ces informations — qui constituent une sorte de cache — sont rassemblées depuis les différentes sources données dans le fichier sources.list
au cours de l'opération apt update
.
apt-cache
command can do keyword-based package searches with apt-cache search keyword
. It can also display the headers of the package's available versions with apt-cache show package
. This command provides the package's description, its dependencies, the name of its maintainer, etc. Note that apt search
, apt show
, aptitude search
, and aptitude show
work in the same way.
apt-cache dumpavail
displays the headers of all available versions of all packages. apt-cache pkgnames
displays the list of all the packages which appear at least once in the cache.
apt-cache policy
, décrite dans la section suivante.
apt-cache policy
command displays the pinning priorities and distribution properties of each package source as explained in Section 6.2.5, « Gérer les priorités associées aux paquets ». It can also show the pinning priorities for all available versions and sources of a package. For the sources.list
example used in Exemple 6.2, « Fichier /etc/apt/sources.list
pour les utilisateurs de Debian Stable » and APT::Default-Release
set to "/^bookworm(|-security|-updates)$/"
, the output will look like this:
$
apt-cache policy
Package files: 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status release a=now 990 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates/non-free-firmware amd64 Packages release v=12-updates,o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=bookworm-updates,l=Debian,c=non-free-firmware,b=amd64 origin deb.debian.org 990 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates/main amd64 Packages release v=12-updates,o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=bookworm-updates,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64 origin deb.debian.org 990 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/non-free-firmware amd64 Packages release v=12,o=Debian,a=stable-security,n=bookworm-security,l=Debian-Security,c=non-free-firmware,b=amd64 origin security.debian.org 990 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/main amd64 Packages release v=12,o=Debian,a=stable-security,n=bookworm-security,l=Debian-Security,c=main,b=amd64 origin security.debian.org 990 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/non-free-firmware amd64 Packages release v=12.5,o=Debian,a=stable,n=bookworm,l=Debian,c=non-free-firmware,b=amd64 origin deb.debian.org 990 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 Packages release v=12.5,o=Debian,a=stable,n=bookworm,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64 origin deb.debian.org Pinned packages:
apt-cache policy
peut également afficher les priorités d'épinglage pour toutes les versions et sources disponibles d'un paquet donné.
$
apt-cache policy adb
adb: Installed: 1:29.0.6-28 Candidate: 1:29.0.6-28 Version table: 1:33.0.3-2~bpo12+1 100 100 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports/main amd64 Packages *** 1:29.0.6-28 990 990 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 Packages 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
bookworm-backports
repository, APT will not install it automatically based on the priority. One would have to use apt install adb/bookworm-backports
or add a higher pinning priority to /etc/apt/preferences.d/adb.pref
:
Package: adb Pin: release o=Debian Backports,n=bookworm-backports Pin-Priority: 1001
$
apt-cache policy limnoria
adb: Installed: 1:29.0.6-28 Candidate: 1:33.0.3-2~bpo12+1 Version table: 1:33.0.3-2~bpo12+1 1001 100 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports/main amd64 Packages *** 1:29.0.6-28 990 990 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 Packages 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status